Diesel Production By Feedstock

Diesel Making 

By 

Vegetable Oil And Animal Fat

Introduction :

This process is as same as Preparation of Diesel by Fatty Acid or Triglycerides by doing its reaction with Methanol in the presences of Catalyst . 

But to obtained Diesel by from different kind of Feedstock we have to do same as ( Diesel Preparation By Chemical Process  ) but we use Vegetable oil & Animal Fat instead of Fatty Acid ( Triglyceride ) .  

Pictorial Explanation :- 

 Vegetable Oil & Animal Fat ( FEED STOCK ) :-

Oil and Fat which we can used to produce Biodiesel we can obtained them from lots of sources , and these sources are divided in to two major types :

1) First Generation  

2) Second Generation .

  

1) First Generation Feed Stock :-

 First Generation consist of Oils and Sugars from arable crops that are cultivated and mostly used for Food and  Feed Production . This is consist of edible (eat able ) and non edible Oil Plant , Starches and Waste Product such as Cooking Oil and Animal Fat .   

Sources and Name Of The Producer Countries Are Given Bellow In This Table :

2) Second Generation Feed Stock :-

We can also say Advance Bio-fuels to Second Generation of feed Stock  , this is made / consist of Lingo Cellulose Bio Mass , with extra potential Yields , But not cultivated on large scale , Another form / raw for Second Generation is ALGAE ( Advanced Feed Stock ) .  

Some Main Categories Of Second Generation :-

PICTURE OF A BIO DIESEL PLANTS :

 UGANDA BIO-DIESEL PLANT FORM ( SUNFLOWER ) :-

This Plant consist of :    

                                                                  1 ) Diesel Engine ( 50 - 60 kW)

                                                                  2 ) Grinding Mill .

                                                                  3 ) Distribution Box ( Mini - Grid ). 

                                                                  4 ) Alternator 10 kVA .

                                                                  5 ) Biodiesel Plant .

                                                                  6 ) Oil Expeller .

* Note : This Plant produce 113 Liter of Sunflower Oil on a use of 90 Liter Fuel ( for Generator ) .

** Net Profit :  23 Liter . 

 Some Pictures of This Plant :

        

 

Diesel Preperation by Chemicals

DIESEL PREPARATION

( A step Towards Alternative Fuel Energy Source )

By

Chemically Preparation of Diesel

Introduction :-

Biodiesel is an alternate of DIESEL and ts production is quite simple and in vehicles it does not need large number of changes we have to change its connection of fuel supply from Normal Diesel to Bio Diesel .

So to over come energy crisis or to reduce Environmental Pollution , we can use it and we can also produce it in a small plants .

Chemically Making Of Diesel :-

In making of Bio Diesel we used some oil made of Acids , Chemicals etc . Firs we take " Fatty-Acid / Triglyceride " its viscosity is to high so that we put it into a process namely " Transesterification " in this process we give a certain amount of heat to the reactant ( Fatty-Acid / Triglyceride ) and Alcohol in the presence of catalyst [ Sodium Hydroxide / Potassium Hydroxide ] , to produce Biodiesel ( Methyl Ester ) and Glycerol .

In this process , when we combined Alcohol with Catalyst , Triglyceride chemically broken with glycerides in the oil being replaced by Alcohol , forming a Fatty Ethyl Ester or Methyl Ester and produce Glycerol and METHYL ESTER as a by product

After process complete the mixture is reclaimed and separated in steps to isolate the Glycerol , Methyl Ester ( Alcohol ) is recycled and Bio Diesel is obtained .

Note :

" R " is a arbitrary " alkyl " that contain 3 Harbon atoms and 7 Hydrogen atoms in single bond .

Picture Presentation Of Chemical Process / Reaction :-

Steps To Obtained or to Make 1 Liter of Diesel :-

1 ) 0.2 Liter / 200 ml of Methanol .

2 ) 8 gr of Potassium Hydroxide [ KOH ] / 3.5 gr of Sodium Hydroxide [ NaOH ] ( Catalyser ) .

3 ) Catalyser dissolved in Alcohol .

4 ) Oil is per-heated at 50 - 60 *C

5 ) Both component are mixed together .

6 ) Before being settle mixture , it is heated at that temperature for 1.5 hours.

Future Working / Research :-

Working on Production of Diesel by Vegetable Oil and Animal Fat .

Methane Or Sui Gas Home Preparation Process

  METHANE (CH4)or Sui Gas

Home Production 

Introduction  :-

As we all are facing the crises of energy in your world , so it is not only the responsibility of Government of the different countries of the world  to fix or solve this problem .

It is the responsibility of every citizen of this world to take some meaning full or small  action , to remove or reduce different kind of energy crises .

 For this cause I have an idea by which we can easily produce Methane ( CH4 )  at our home , This gas is very use full for cooking food at our home .  

STEPS OF MAKING METHANE  AT HOME :-

1 : Get any Kind of  CONTAINER ( like Water Dispenser Bottle or any other  small pvc tank  ) 
2 : in this container add 1/2 Cow MANURE  .
3 : Add some water approx 3/4 .
4 : Add some expired food like expired potato , Eggs , use tee flowers etc to produce Bacteria .
5 : Know seal the container from its cape but there must be a tiny  hole in which pipe is attach .
6 : Use silicon to make air prof or to avoid leakage of  gas .
7 : attach one end of pipe through container  and one end from CAR TYRE TUBE .
8 : Know use another pipe which was attach from  TUBE  to stove
9 : use 3 to 4 wal to control flow of gas .
10 : Approx 40 Hours are required to produce gas .

SAFETY PRECAUTION :- 

1 : Built this plant at open space
2 : Material must be a very good Quality like silicon , Tube , Container and pipe .

  

Pictorial Presentation Of Process :-

 

Natural Mobile Charger

Nature Is A Mobile Charger

Introduction :

It is very good to know that , we can charge our mobile naturally with the help of nature .

Procedure Of Charging Mobile Naturally :

The following procedure helps you to charge your mobile without charger.

You can charge your mobile phone without a charger. You just need a green leaf of peepal tree and after some time your mobile phone does get charged. If your mobile has been discharged and you are in a forest and have no charger on you, do not worry. You Should take two peepal leaves and you will be able to charge your cell phone naturally.
It is very good concept and easy to charge your mobile. You just have to open your mobile battery and connect it with peepal leaf. After that without shaking mobile set, you should set the battery in your mobile set. After some time your mobile would be charged. Residents of Chitrakoot conducted an experiment on this and became successful at their venture. Now many people in jungle or forests charge their cell phone through peepal leaves.

Steps Of Charging  Your Mobile Battery Using Peepal leaf :

1- Open the mobile cover
2- Remove the battery
3- Take two to three fresh leaves of peepal/pipal/ ashwattha tree
4- Make contact of he stub of these leaves on your mobile battery terminal for a minute
5- Clean the mobile battery terminal with soft cloth
6- Place the battery again in your mobile and switch it on
7- Now you can see the result.- If required repeat the process with fresh leaves .

Picture For Example :

 

DIESEL PREPARATION

DIESEL PREPARATION

( A step Towards Alternative Fuel Energy Source )

By

Chemically Preparation of Diesel

Introduction :


Biodiesel is an alternate of DIESEL and ts production is quite simple and in vehicles it does not need large number of changes we have to change its connection of fuel supply from Normal Diesel to Bio Diesel .





So to over come energy crisis or to reduce Environmental Pollution , we can use it and we can also produce it in a small plants .





Chemically Making Of Diesel :


In making of Bio Diesel we used some oil made of Acids , Chemicals etc . Firs we take " Fatty-Acid / Triglyceride " its viscosity is to high so that we put it into a process namely " Transesterification " in this process we give a certain amount of heat to the reactant ( Fatty-Acid / Triglyceride ) and Alcohol in the presence of catalyst [ Sodium Hydroxide / Potassium Hydroxide ] , to produce Biodiesel ( Methyl Ester ) and Glycerol .





In this process , when we combined Alcohol with Catalyst , Triglyceride chemically broken with glycerides in the oil being replaced by Alcohol , forming a Fatty Ethyl Ester or Methyl Ester and produce Glycerol and METHYL ESTER as a by product




After process complete the mixture is reclaimed and separated in steps to isolate the Glycerol , Methyl Ester ( Alcohol ) is recycled and Bio Diesel is obtained .



Note :


" R " is a arbitrary " alkyl " that contain 3 Harbon atoms and 7 Hydrogen atoms in single bond .






Picture Presentation Of Chemical Process / Reaction :

Steps To Obtained or to Make 1 Liter of Diesel :


1 ) 0.2 Liter / 200 ml of Methanol .

2 ) 8 gr of Potassium Hydroxide [ KOH ] / 3.5 gr of Sodium Hydroxide [ NaOH ] ( Catalyser ) .

3 ) Catalyser dissolved in Alcohol .

4 ) Oil is per-heated at 50 - 60 *C

5 ) Both component are mixed together .

6 ) Before being settle mixture , it is heated at that temperature for 1.5 hours.



Future Working / Research :


Working on Production of Diesel by Vegetable Oil and Animal Fat .